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Application Security Glossary

CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration)

CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) is a community-developed, MITRE-maintained catalog of software and hardware weakness types, each with a unique identifier like CWE-79, that gives the industry a common language for classifying the root causes of vulnerabilities.

CWE, the Common Weakness Enumeration, is a formal, hierarchical dictionary of common weakness types in software and hardware, maintained by MITRE with community input. Each entry has a stable identifier, such as CWE-79 for cross-site scripting or CWE-89 for SQL injection, along with a description, examples, and relationships to related weaknesses.

A weakness is a flaw or mistake in code, design, or architecture that can lead to a vulnerability; CWE catalogs those root-cause categories, while a CVE identifies a specific vulnerability in a specific product. Security tools, standards, and vulnerability reports reference CWE IDs so that findings can be grouped, compared, and mapped consistently across different vendors and datasets.

For developers, CWE turns a vague finding into an actionable category with guidance and mitigations. Curated views like the CWE Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Weaknesses highlight the most impactful and prevalent weaknesses, helping teams focus remediation and secure-coding efforts where they matter most.

Frequently asked questions

What is CWE?
CWE, the Common Weakness Enumeration, is a MITRE-maintained catalog of software and hardware weakness types, each with a unique ID, that provides a shared vocabulary for describing the root causes behind vulnerabilities.
What is the difference between CWE and CVE?
CWE describes categories of weaknesses, such as improper input validation, while CVE identifies a specific vulnerability instance in a specific product. A given CVE is typically classified by one or more CWE types.
What is the CWE Top 25?
The CWE Top 25 is an annually updated ranking of the most dangerous and prevalent software weaknesses, calculated from real vulnerability data, that helps teams prioritize which weakness classes to address first.

Related terms

CWE (Common Weakness Enumeration) — Zennoxa Glossary — Zennoxa Shield